Rinse the black-eyed peas under cold water and check for any debris.
In a large pot, combine the rinsed peas and water, bringing them to a boil over medium-high heat.
Reduce heat to low and add the diced onion, minced garlic, and smoked ham hock.
Season with salt, black pepper, and bay leaf, stirring well.
Cover the pot, allowing the mixture to simmer for 45-60 minutes, or until the peas are tender.
Once the peas are tender, remove the ham hock and bay leaf from the pot.
Taste and adjust seasoning with salt and pepper as needed.
Serve warm, garnished with fresh herbs if desired.